Insulin resistance is a condition in which cells in your body become resistant to the effects of insulin, a hormone produced by your pancreas. Insulin is responsible for helping glucose (sugar) enter your cells from your bloodstream, where it's used for energy.
When you have insulin resistance, your cells don't take up glucose as well as they should. This can lead to high blood sugar levels, a condition called hyperglycemia. Over time, hyperglycemia can lead to serious health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and nerve damage.
Symptoms of insulin resistance
There are often no symptoms of insulin resistance in the early stages. However, as insulin resistance worsens, you may develop symptoms of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, such as:
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Increased hunger
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Causes of insulin resistance
The exact cause of insulin resistance is unknown, but several factors are thought to play a role, including:
Obesity or being overweight: Excess fat, especially around the abdomen, can impair insulin sensitivity.
Inactivity: Regular physical activity helps your cells use glucose more effectively.
Family history of diabetes: Having a parent or sibling with type 2 diabetes increases your risk of developing insulin resistance.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder that can affect insulin sensitivity.
Race or ethnicity: Certain racial and ethnic groups are at higher risk of insulin resistance, such as Hispanics, African Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders.
Treatment of insulin resistance
There is no cure for insulin resistance, but there are steps you can take to improve your insulin sensitivity and prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes. These include:
Losing weight: Even a modest weight loss can significantly improve insulin sensitivity.
Eating a healthy diet: Choose a diet that is low in processed foods, sugary drinks, and unhealthy fats, and focus on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean protein.
Exercising regularly: Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
Medications: In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication to improve insulin sensitivity. Ask us if Semaglutide or Tizepatide is right for you!
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